|
Bilabial |
Labiodental |
Dental |
Alveolar |
Postalveolar |
Retroflex |
Alveolopalatal |
Palatal |
Velar |
Uvular |
Pharyngeal |
Epiglottal |
Glottal |
Unaspirated plosive |
p |
b |
p ̪ |
b̪ |
t ̪ |
d̪ |
t |
d |
t ̱ |
ḏ |
ʈ |
ɖ |
|
|
c |
ɟ |
k |
ɡ |
q |
ɢ |
ʡ |
|
ʡ |
|
ʔ |
|
Aspirated plosive |
pʰ |
|
p ̪ʰ |
|
t ̪ʰ |
|
tʰ |
|
t ̱ʰ |
|
ʈʰ |
|
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|
cʰ |
|
kʰ |
|
qʰ |
|
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Ejective stop |
p’ |
|
|
|
t ̪’ |
|
t’ |
|
t ̱’ |
|
ʈ’ |
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c’ |
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k’ |
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q’ |
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Implosive (stop) |
|
ɓ |
|
ɓ̪ |
|
ɗ̪ |
|
ɗ |
|
ɗ̱ |
|
ɗ̱ |
|
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ʄ |
|
ɠ |
|
ʛ |
|
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Clicks |
ʘ |
|
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|
ǀ |
|
ǁ |
|
ǃ |
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|
ǂ |
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Nasal |
m̥ |
m |
ɱ̊ |
ɱ |
n̪̊ |
n̪ |
n̊ |
n |
ṉ̊ |
ṉ |
ɳ̊ |
ɳ |
|
|
ɲ̊ |
ɲ |
ŋ̊ |
ŋ |
ɴ̥ |
ɴ |
|
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|
Trill |
ʙ̥ |
ʙ |
|
|
r ̪̊ |
r ̪ |
r ̥ |
r |
r ̱̊ |
r ̱ |
|
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ʀ̥ |
ʀ |
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Tap or Flap |
|
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ɾ ̥ |
ɾ |
|
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ɽ ̊ |
ɽ |
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ɺ |
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Fricative |
ɸ |
β |
f |
v |
θ |
ð |
s |
z |
ʃ |
ʒ |
ʂ |
ʐ |
ɕ |
ʑ |
ç |
ʝ |
x |
ɣ |
χ |
ʁ |
ħ |
ʕ |
ʜ |
ʢ |
h |
ɦ |
ʍ |
|
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|
ʍ |
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|
Ejective fricative |
ɸ’ |
|
f’ |
|
θ’ |
|
s’ |
|
ʃ ’ |
|
ʂ’ |
|
ɕ’ |
|
ç’ |
|
x’ |
|
χ’ |
|
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|
Affricate |
pɸ |
bβ |
p ̪f |
b̪v |
t ̪θ |
d̪ð |
ʦ |
ʣ |
ʧ |
ʤ |
ʈʂ |
ɖʐ |
ʨ |
ʥ |
cç |
ɟʝ |
kx |
ɡɣ |
qχ |
ɢʁ |
ʡh |
|
ʡʜ |
|
|
|
Ejective affricate |
pɸ’ |
|
|
|
t ̪θ’ |
|
ʦ’ |
|
ʧ’ |
|
ʈʂ’ |
|
ʨ’ |
|
cç’ |
|
kx’ |
|
qχ’ |
|
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|
Lateral fricative |
|
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|
ɬ |
ɮ |
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Lateral affricate |
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tɬ |
dɮ |
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kʟ |
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Ejective |
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tɬ’ |
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kʟ’ |
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lateral
affricate |
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Approximant |
|
β ̞ |
|
ʋ |
|
ð̞ |
|
ɹ |
|
ɹ ̱ |
|
ɻ |
|
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|
j |
|
ɰ |
|
ʁ̞ |
|
ʕ |
|
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|
ɥ |
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|
ɥ |
w |
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|
w |
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Lateral approximant |
|
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|
l ̪̥ |
l ̪ |
l ̥ |
l |
l ̱̥ |
l ̱ |
|
ɭ |
|
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|
ʎ |
|
ʟ |
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