Indirect object pronouns
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Indirect object pronouns can be used in place of the indirect object, but only if the indirect object is already known or mentioned. In Spanish, the indirect object pronoun includes the the meaning to or for.
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Singular |
Plural |
me
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to, for me
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nos
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to, for us
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te
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to, for you (inf.)
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os
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to, for you (inf.)
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le
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to, for you (form.)
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les
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to, for you (form.)
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le
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to, for him or her
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les
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to, for them
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Attention: Indirect object pronouns are usually placed in front of a conjugated verb.
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Yo te compro el libro.
I buy the book for you.
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Attention: In sentences using conjugated verbs and infinitives (-ar, -er, -ir) or the present progressive, indirect object pronouns are either placed before the conjugated verb or attached to the infinitive or gerund. Both styles are correct Spanish.
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Yo le necesito escribir.
I need to write her.
Necesita escribirme.
She needs to write me.
Él nos está hablando.
He is speaking to us.
Estamos escuchándole.
We are listening to him.
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Attention: Le and les sometimes require clarification when the person to whom is not specified (him? her? them?). Using the preposition a + personal pronoun or noun provides clarification (or emphasis).
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Le ecribo la carta. I write the letter . . . (to him, to her, to you?)
Le escribo la carta a ella. I write the letter to her.
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