6.7: Grammar - Plain Articles with Plurals

Plural nouns are preceded by the plain articles tthu and kwthu, even when referring to females.


woman-vb (1K)
women-vb (1K)
teenage-girl-vb (3K)
teenage-girls-vb (3K)
  • A- Ni' 'untsu lhu slheni'?
Where is the woman?
  • B- 'E'uth thu slheni'.
The woman is here.
  • A- Ni' 'untsu kwthu slhunlheni'?
Where are the women.
  • B- 'E'ut tthu slhunlheni'.
The women are here.
  • A- Ni' 'untsu lhu q'e'mi'?
Where is the teenage girl?
  • B- 'E'uth thu q'e'mi'.
The teenage girl is here
  • A- Ni' 'untsu kwthu q'e'lumi'?
Where are the teenage girls?
  • B- 'E'ut tthu q'e'lumi'.
The teenage girls are here.

Plural nouns are preceded by the plain articles tthu and kwthu when referring to males.

'E'ut tthu swiw'lus. The teenage boy (visible) is here.
'E'ut tthu swaaw'lus. The teenage boys (visible) are here.

Singular nouns referring to females have the feminine articles thu and lhu, but plural nouns referring to females have the plain articles tthu and kwthu.

'E'uth thu slheni'. The woman (visible) is here.
'E'ut tthu slhunlheni'. The women (visible) are here.

With singular nouns, it is possible to tell from the article whether a male or female is being referred to. With plural nouns, it is impossible to tell, since the plain articles are used for plurals regardless of gender.

tthu hwunitum' the white man (visible)
kwthu hwunitum' the white man (out of sight)
thu hwunitum' the white woman (visible)
lhu hwunitum' the white woman (out of sight)
tthu hwulunitum' the white men/women/people (visible)
kwthu hwulunitum' the white men/women/people (out of sight)