FRAN 325A  ·  University of Victoria  ·  Summer 2026

The Tour
de France

An interdisciplinary course on cycling's greatest race — its history, culture, ethics, politics, science, and spectacle.

Instructor Émile Fromet de Rosnay
Instagram @tdf325
Dates June 29 – July 26, 2026
Delivery Online, asynchronous
Office Hours By appointment — derosnay@uvic.ca

Land Acknowledgement / Reconnaissance territoriale

We acknowledge and respect the Lək̓ʷəŋən (Songhees and Xʷsepsəm/Esquimalt) Peoples on whose territory the university stands, and the Lək̓ʷəŋən and W̱SÁNEĆ Peoples whose historical relationships with the land continue to this day.

Nous reconnaissons et respectons les peuples Lək̓ʷəŋən (Songhees et Xʷsepsəm/Esquimalt) sur le territoire desquels se trouve l'université, ainsi que les peuples Lək̓ʷəŋən et W̱SÁNEĆ, dont les liens historiques avec cette terre perdurent encore aujourd'hui.

What is this course?

Every July, the Tour de France transforms the roads of France — and much of the cycling world — into a travelling theatre of sport, spectacle, suffering, and storytelling. For three weeks, 184 riders and a caravan of thousands move across mountains and plains, chased by cameras, journalists, fans, and a century's worth of myth. This course is an invitation to watch all of that more carefully.

FRAN 325A runs concurrently with the 2026 Tour de France (July 4–26), which means that what you study and what you watch are happening at the same time. The race is not background material — it is a live laboratory. Every stage brings new evidence for the ideas you are reading about: team economics, doping ethics, media narrativization, environmental cost, the globalization of sport, the representation of the body, the politics of national identity.

The course is taught in English, but students may submit written work in French if they prefer.

This is an elective, and it attracts students from across the university — kinesiology, history, political science, French, film studies, environmental studies, economics, creative writing, and more. That disciplinary range is one of the course's greatest assets. You are encouraged to bring your own field, your own methods, and your own questions to the material. You don't need to be a cycling fan to succeed here — though many students become one.

A note on the Tour de France Femmes avec Zwift: the women's Tour, now one of the most exciting races on the calendar, begins just after our course ends (late July 2026). We will follow its development throughout the course and treat it as an integral part of the broader story of the Tour — not an afterthought.

Topics covered

Prerequisites

Your curiosity, and a willingness to follow a bicycle race for four weeks.

Required materials

All readings are provided on BrightSpace. There is no textbook to purchase. You will also develop your own reading list for the research project — the library and open-access resources have everything you need. Daily journalistic coverage of the Tour (free, online) is an essential part of the course.

Instagram

The instructor posts course-relevant content on Instagram at @tdf325, using the hashtag #tdf325. This is a broadcast channel — you are not required to follow it, and the instructor will not follow students. Many of the key figures in the Tour world (journalists, riders, team directors, the organizer ASO) are also active on Instagram, making it a useful window into the race's real-time life. Consider it a supplement, not a requirement.

Course Objectives

By the end of the course, you will have:

Course Calendar

The course runs for four weeks. Week 1 is a pre-Tour orientation week; Weeks 2, 3, and 4 unfold alongside the race itself.

Week 1
June 29 – July 4
Pre-Tour orientation. Foundations, key concepts, introduction to the 2026 edition.
Week 2
July 5 – July 11
Tour underway. Stages 1–7. First graded reflection due Sun July 12.
Week 3
July 12 – July 18
Tour in full swing. Stages 8–14. Project proposal due Thu July 16.
Week 4
July 19 – July 26
Final week. Stages 15–21. Second graded reflection due Sun July 26 (Paris).
After the Tour
July 27 – Aug 2
Final project due Sunday August 2.

Key deadlines at a glance

Sun July 12 Reflection 1 due
Thu July 16 Research project proposal due
Sun July 26 Reflection 2 due (final stage day)
Sun August 2 Final project due

Quiz and forum deadlines are set on a week-by-week basis and posted on BrightSpace and @tdf325. Each closes at the end of its respective week.

The Weekly Rhythm

Each week follows the same structure, so you can plan your time accordingly. The course is asynchronous — there are no fixed meeting times — but there are real deadlines, and the live race creates its own rhythm that rewards daily attention.

Each week has three components: a short Nuts & Bolts segment that prepares you to watch that week's racing intelligently; Module A and Module B, each built around a core scholarly reading and a shorter companion text. The thematic arc of the four weeks mirrors the race's own geography and rhythm — from the flat opening stages and team time trial in Barcelona, through the Pyrenees and Alps, to the final time trial and Paris.

Live race coverage

Alongside the weekly readings, you are expected to follow the Tour as it happens — through broadcast coverage, the official race site, and daily journalism. You don't need to watch every stage live (that is what replays are for), but keeping up day by day makes the quizzes, forums, and reflections significantly more interesting — and more manageable. The race is not background to the course. It is the course.

Weekly assignments

Office hours

The instructor is available by appointment. Email derosnay@uvic.ca to arrange a virtual meeting.

Week 1 June 29 – July 4 Before the Race: How to Watch, How to Think

The Tour begins Saturday July 4 in Barcelona with a team time trial. This week gives you the perceptual and analytical tools you need before the race starts — how a stage race works, what you are watching for, and how the Tour became the cultural object it is today.

Nuts & Bolts
How a Stage Race Works

An introduction to the essential mechanics of the Tour: the general classification, the five jerseys and what they mean, team roles (domestique, rouleur, climber, sprinter, GC leader), time bonuses, and the logic of the peloton. Video-based — no reading required.

  • Video: the five jerseys and classifications — ASO/TDF official explainer content
  • Video: team roles and race strategy — what each rider is there to do, and what a team time trial reveals about cooperation under pressure
  • Live race tie-in: Stage 1 is a team time trial in Barcelona — the purest expression of collective tactics from the very first day
Module 1A
The Race as System: Cooperation, Tactics, Science

The peloton is one of sport's most complex collective organisms — simultaneously cooperative and competitive, governed by unwritten rules as much as by regulations. This module introduces the science of how the race works from the inside.

  • Core reading: Hoenigman et al., "Cooperation in Bike Racing," Complexity (2011) UVic library — peloton logic, drafting, the mathematics of cooperation and defection
  • Companion video: Hugh Trenchard, "Peloton Models" — made specifically for this course by a former competitive cyclist and peloton dynamics expert; a visual and intuitive complement to Hoenigman BrightSpace
Module 1B
The Tour as History and Myth: Origins and Long Arc

The Tour de France is 123 years old in 2026. This module situates it historically — from its origins as a newspaper circulation stunt to its status as one of the world's most-watched sporting events — and introduces the analytical frameworks that will carry through the whole course.

  • Core reading: Gaboriau, "The Tour de France and Cycling's Belle Époque," in Dauncey & Hare, eds., The Tour de France, 1903–2003 (2003) UVic library — the social and cultural origins of the race
  • Companion: Dauncey & Hare, Ch. 1, "A pre-modern contest in a post-modern context" UVic library — a conceptual frame for the whole course
  • Primary text: Barthes, "Le Tour de France comme épopée" (1955/1957) BrightSpace — one or two pages; available in French on BrightSpace (English translation pending library confirmation). Read alongside the Ferbrache article in Week 4 for analytical framing.
Week 2 July 5 – July 11 Sprint and Mountain: The Body, Heroism, Identity

The first full week of racing. The 2026 Tour dives into the Pyrenees as early as Stage 3, but the first pure sprint finishes arrive around Stages 7–8 (Hagetmau–Bordeaux and Périgueux–Bergerac). Two very different kinds of racing — and two very different constructions of the athletic body — coexist this week. Reflection 1 is due Sunday July 12.

Nuts & Bolts
The Sprint: Controlled Chaos

Bunch sprinting is one of the most dangerous and tactically intricate moments in cycling. This segment prepares you to watch Stages 7 and 8 intelligently — understanding what you are seeing when 150 riders converge at 70 km/h in the final 200 metres.

  • Velon onboard camera footage: a bunch sprint from inside the peloton — positioning, lead-out trains, the final launch
  • Video explainer: the lead-out train — how a sprinter's team sacrifices itself to deliver them to the line
  • Scholarly anchor (optional deeper reading): van Erp, Kittel & Lamberts, "Sprint Tactics in the Tour de France: A Case Study of a World-Class Sprinter," International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance (2021) UVic library
Module 2A
The Heroic Body: Gender, Suffering, Mythology

The mountains produce the Tour's most powerful heroic narratives — the lone attacker, the suffering climber, the dramatic abandon. But who gets to be a hero, on what terms, and whose body is centred in those narratives? This module examines how the Tour constructs heroism and what that construction excludes — historically and today.

  • Core reading: Thompson, Ch. 3, "The Géants de la route: gender and heroism," in The Tour de France: A Cultural History (University of California Press, 2006) UVic library — the construction of heroic masculinity and the long exclusion of women from the race
  • Companion: Landi, Andreoli & Hums, "A Feminist Critical Discourse Analysis of Reactions to the Inaugural Tour de France Femmes Route," Journal of Sport Management 39(2) (2024) UVic library — brings the gender question into the present through the lens of the relaunched women's Tour
Module 2B
Who Belongs? National Identity, Foreigners, the Tour as Political Stage

The Tour has always been a race about France — its geography, its identity, its idea of itself. But it has also always included foreign riders, political protesters, and competing nationalisms. This module asks who the Tour is for, who it excludes, and what happens when that exclusion is contested.

  • Core reading: Dauncey & Hare, Ch. 7, "Beating the Bounds: The Tour de France and National Identity," in The Tour de France, 1903–2003 (2003) UVic library
  • Companion: Dauncey & Hare, Ch. 9, "Se faire naturaliser cycliste: The Tour and its Non-French Competitors" UVic library
  • Short contemporary text: "Tour de France silent on Black Lives Matter, says cyclist Kevin Reza," The Guardian, September 17, 2020 Open access — connects the historical argument to a live and unresolved controversy
Week 3 July 12 – July 18 Mid-Race: Ethics, Doping, Protest, Territory

The Alps. The race is in full swing — the GC battle is crystallizing, the mountains are relentless, and mid-race is historically when controversy surfaces. This week addresses the ethical and political dimensions of the Tour head-on. Project proposal due Thursday July 16.

Nuts & Bolts
Mountain Racing: Climbing Tactics and the GC Battle

Mountain stages are where the Tour is won and lost. This segment explains what you are watching — attacks, tempo riding, domestiques sacrificed on the slopes, time gaps managed to the second over three weeks of racing.

  • Velon onboard camera footage: a mountain stage from inside the peloton — the moment of attack, the grupetto, the high-speed descent
  • Video explainer: how the GC classification works in practice, and why a 30-second gap on Stage 12 can decide the race
  • Scholarly anchor (optional deeper reading): Scelles, Mignot, Cabaud & François, "What makes a breakaway successful in the Tour de France?" Team Performance Management (2018) UVic library
Module 3A
Doping: Culture, History, Institution

Doping is woven into the Tour's history — but it is not the whole story. Cycling is now the most tested sport in the world, and the landscape has changed dramatically since the Armstrong era. This module situates doping within its structural and institutional context, treating it as a symptom of broader forces rather than a matter of individual moral failure.

  • Core reading: Dauncey & Hare, Ch. 10, "The Tour de France and the Doping Issue" UVic library — historical framework from the early pharmacological era through EPO and the Armstrong scandal
  • Companion: Fincoeur, Henning & Ohl, "Fifty Shades of Grey? On the Concept of Grey Zones in Elite Cycling," Performance Enhancement and Health 8 (2020) Open access — examines how regulatory grey areas, changing stakeholder attitudes, and the culture of performance enhancement interact; a structural counterpoint to the historical narrative in Dauncey & Hare
  • Short contemporary text: International Testing Agency (ITA), current anti-doping overview for cycling Open access — shows how much the institutional landscape has shifted since the USADA era
Module 3B
The Tour as Territory: Protest, Resistance, Public Space

The Tour passes through hundreds of towns and villages, temporarily transforming public space into spectacle. It has also been a stage for political protest — labour movements, regional independence campaigns, environmental activists, anti-racism actions. This module examines the Tour as a contested spatial and political event.

  • Core reading: Palmer, "We Close Towns for a Living: Spatial Transformation and the Tour de France," Social and Cultural Geography 11(6) (2010) UVic library — the Tour as temporary occupation and transformation of place, and the communities who live through it
  • Companion: Dauncey & Hare, Ch. 11, "À côté du Tour: Ambushing the Tour for Political and Social Causes" UVic library — the long history of political mobilization along the route, from striking miners to environmental protesters
Week 4 July 19 – July 26 The Final Week: Spectacle, Money, Culture, Legacy

The final mountain passes, the penultimate time trial, and the ceremonial finale on the Champs-Élysées. The yellow jersey is almost certainly decided. The caravan reaches its apotheosis. This week closes the analytical arc of the course — from how the race works to what it means, and what it costs. Reflection 2 due Sunday July 26.

Nuts & Bolts
The Time Trial and Paris: Individual Effort, Technology, Tradition

The individual time trial — the contre-la-montre, or "race of truth" — is the antithesis of the peloton: one rider, alone, against the clock. And the final stage into Paris is the antithesis of the time trial: a ritualized procession followed by a sprint, one of sport's great theatrical conventions.

  • Video: the aerodynamics and technology of the modern time trial — bikes, skinsuits, helmets, position, and the science of marginal gains
  • Video: the history and ritual of the Champs-Élysées finale — why the yellow jersey is never attacked on the final day, and the one famous time it was
Module 4A
The Tour as Business: Economics, Sponsorship, Globalization

The Tour de France is simultaneously a private company, a media product, a global brand, and a moving advertisement. This module examines how it became one of the world's most commercially successful sporting events — and what that transformation has meant for the race, for cycling, and for the towns it passes through.

  • Core reading: Reed, Selling the Yellow Jersey: The Tour de France in the Global Entertainment Economy (University of Chicago Press, 2015), selected chapters UVic library — the definitive account of the Tour's commercial and global transformation, from regional French institution to international media spectacle
  • Companion: Mignot, "An Economic History of the Tour de France, 1903–2015," in Sports Through the Lens of Economic History, eds. Fluck & Kobus (2016) Open access — long-term quantitative analysis that provides the data behind Reed's narrative; freely available via HAL open repository
  • Further reading (optional): Bačík et al., "What Made the Tour Successful? Competitive Balance in the Tour de France, 1947–2017," Sport in Society (2019) Open access
Module 4B
The Tour as Culture: Myth, Landscape, Spectacle, Environment

The Tour has generated one of the richest bodies of cultural commentary of any sporting event — from Barthes's mythologies to contemporary cultural geography and environmental critique. This module closes the course by asking what the Tour means as a cultural object, and what its future looks like in an era of climate urgency.

  • Core reading: Ferbrache, "Le Tour de France: A Cultural Geography of a Mega-Event," Geography 98(3) (2013) UVic library — representation, nationalism, embodiment, myth; also the best analytical guide to Barthes available in English
  • Primary text: Barthes, "Le Tour de France comme épopée" (1955) BrightSpace — read alongside Ferbrache; available in French on BrightSpace (English translation pending library confirmation)
  • Companion: Collins, Munday & Roberts, "The Environmental Impacts of Major Cycling Events: Reflections on the UK Stages of the Tour de France" (Cardiff University / BRASS, 2012) Open access — the foundational ecological footprint study of the Tour; freely available via Cardiff University's ORCA open repository. Pair with ASO's current sustainability reporting for a before-and-after picture.

Course Evaluation

The course is divided equally between ongoing formative work (50%) and a final research project (50%). The formative work is designed so that it can only be completed through genuine engagement with the race as it unfolds — not in advance, and not by proxy.

Summary: Quizzes 20% · Forums 10% · Reflections 20% · Project proposal 10% · Final project 40%

1. Quizzes 4 × 5% = 20%

Auto-graded on BrightSpace  ·  One per week, Weeks 1–4  ·  Opens mid-week

Each weekly quiz has two parts. The first covers the week's assigned readings. The second is anchored to stages that have already completed that week, asking you to connect course concepts to what is currently unfolding in the race.

The live-race component means quizzes cannot be completed in advance — the answers depend on events that haven't happened yet. This is by design. Following the race daily is part of the work.

Quizzes consist of multiple-choice, true/false, and matching questions, and are graded automatically. Each quiz opens once sufficient race stages have completed and closes at the end of the week. Exact opening times are posted on BrightSpace and @tdf325.

2. Forum Discussions 4 × 2.5% = 10%

Graded by TA  ·  Partial credit available  ·  One per week, Weeks 1–4

Forum prompts are posted after a stage finishes — not at the start of the week. You cannot write your response in advance because the prompt didn't exist yet. You typically have 36–48 hours to post.

Each forum has two components. Your initial post (minimum 75 words) must name a specific stage or event from the current Tour and connect it explicitly to at least one named idea from that week's readings or viewings. Your response post (minimum 25 words) must engage with a specific claim a classmate made — not just express general agreement. Both components are expected; partial credit is available if only one is completed.

Voice and video responses

Once per unit, you may submit — and may occasionally be invited to submit — a short voice memo or video (60–90 seconds) in place of a written post. A spontaneous reaction to a stage finish, a brief reflection recorded while watching, a conversation with a fellow fan. The same criteria apply as for written posts.

3. Reflections 2 × 10% = 20%

Graded by TA  ·  Due Sun July 12 and Sun July 26

Reflections are the most open-ended component of the formative work. They ask you to step back from the weekly pace of the race and the readings and think across what you've been learning, watching, and noticing. Length: approximately 400–600 words, or equivalent in another format (audio, video, annotated images) agreed upon with the instructor.

Reflection 1 — due Sunday July 12

You have now watched a full week of the Tour and engaged with the first two course modules. This reflection asks you to:

  • Identify one concept or argument from the readings that the race has made more vivid, complicated, or surprising for you — and explain how
  • Describe one moment from the first week of racing — a stage, a decision, an image, an incident — that you keep thinking about, and why
  • Name the question you are now carrying into Week 3

Reflection 2 — due Sunday July 26

The Tour ends today. This reflection asks you to look back across the full arc of the race and the course:

  • How has your understanding of one major course theme (history, ethics, economics, environment, culture, technology — your choice) changed or deepened over the four weeks?
  • Return to something you wrote in Reflection 1 — a prediction, a question, a claim. What do you think of it now?
  • What will you bring from the live experience of following this Tour into your final project?

The final project is due one week after Reflection 2. This is intentional: the reflection is a thinking-through moment, not a conclusion. Your project has room to develop further.

4. Research Project Proposal 10% + Final 40% = 50%

Graded by instructor  ·  Proposal due Thu July 16  ·  Final due Sun August 2

The research project is the culminating work of the course. It is due one week after the final stage, giving you time to absorb the full arc of the 2026 Tour before completing your analysis.

The project is intentionally open in format and disciplinary approach. Students from all faculties are welcome to work in modes appropriate to their field and interests. Whatever format you choose, the work must engage substantively with at least two course readings, address something specific that happened during the 2026 Tour, and reflect your own intellectual perspective. It must also include a process note (see below).

Project proposal — 10%, due Thursday July 16

One page maximum. Your proposal should include:

  • A working title or topic description (one sentence)
  • A brief statement of your angle or question (2–3 sentences)
  • Your intended format
  • Your disciplinary lens, if relevant
  • At least two sources beyond the course readings
  • One specific element of the 2026 Tour — a stage, a rider, a controversy, a moment — that your project will address

The proposal is graded on seriousness of engagement and clarity of direction, not polish. It is the start of a conversation with the instructor, not a contract.

Format options for the final project

You may submit any of the following, or propose an alternative in your project proposal:

  • A research paper (2,000–3,000 words)
  • A long-form blog or multimedia essay
  • A video essay or vlog (12–18 minutes)
  • A podcast episode or audio essay (12–18 minutes)
  • A data visualization or infographic project with written analysis
  • A creative work — painting or series, photography, fiction, poetry — with analytical framing
  • A professional report in a format appropriate to your discipline

Alternative formats are assessed with the same intellectual rigour as traditional papers. The mode of expression changes; the depth of engagement does not.

The process note

All submissions — regardless of format — must include a process note of 300–500 words (or spoken equivalent for audio/video projects). This is not a summary of your project. It is a brief account of how the work developed:

  • Where did the idea come from? Did it change from what you proposed?
  • What from the course readings shaped the work, and how?
  • What from the live 2026 Tour — a moment, a discovery, a surprise — found its way in?
  • What would you do differently, or push further, with more time?

The process note is folded into the project grade. It is often where the learning becomes most visible.

On Writing, Process, and AI

This course treats writing — and creative and analytical work more broadly — as a process, not just a product. What you produce matters; how you got there matters more.

Generative AI tools are not prohibited in this course because they are new or threatening. They are poorly suited to it because they bypass the process that is the point. A language model cannot watch Stage 14 and feel the tension in the peloton on the final climb. It cannot connect what it read last Tuesday to what happened this morning. It cannot bring a genuine disciplinary perspective, a personal curiosity, or a question it has been carrying for three weeks. That is what your work is supposed to do.

Concretely: the quizzes, forums, and reflections in this course are designed so that they cannot be completed without genuine real-time engagement with the race. The final project requires you to address something specific that happened during the 2026 Tour, from your own intellectual position, with a traceable process note. These features are not obstacles — they are the course.

This course is guided by the principles of the CCCC/MLA joint task force on writing and AI. In practice, that means:

The use of generative AI to produce submitted work constitutes a breach of academic integrity under UVic policy (unauthorized use of an editor) and will be treated accordingly. Students are encouraged to read the full UVic Academic Integrity policy. Questions about any specific use are welcome — ask before you submit, not after.

Grading Scale

90–100 / 85–89 / 80–84 Exceptional, outstanding, excellent. Self-initiating work that exceeds expectations and demonstrates an insightful grasp of course material. Normally achieved by a minority of students.
75–79 / 70–74 / 65–69 Very good, good, solid. Strong grasp of the material overall, or excellent in one area balanced by satisfactory grasp in others. Normally the most common range.
60–64 / 55–59 Satisfactory or minimally satisfactory. Demonstrates adequate knowledge of the subject matter.
50–54 Marginal. Superficial engagement with course material.

Incomplete (N): Students who have not completed at least 80% of assigned work may receive an N at the instructor's discretion. Forum participation is essential to success in this course.

Policies & Support

Accommodations (CAL)

This course follows UVic policy in accommodating students registered with the Centre for Accessible Learning (CAL). The instructor will scrupulously adhere to all CAL-required accommodations. In order to treat all students equitably, accommodations beyond those mandated by CAL cannot be provided on request.

Mental Health Services

UVic's Student Wellness Centre offers free, confidential counselling and health clinic appointments. If you need support urgently or outside office hours, SupportConnect is available 24/7 by phone, video, and online — for any reason, big or small.

Equity and Human Rights (EQHR)

The Equity and Human Rights (EQHR) office is a resource for all UVic community members experiencing discrimination, harassment, or workplace bullying. EQHR coordinates education and prevention efforts, provides confidential consultations, and handles formal complaints under UVic's Discrimination and Harassment Prevention and Response Policy.

Sexualized Violence Prevention and Response

UVic takes sexualized violence seriously. If you or someone you know has been impacted by sexualized violence and needs information, advice, or support, please contact the Sexualized Violence Resource Office in EQHR:

Academic Integrity and Support

Students are strongly encouraged to read UVic's Academic Integrity policy, which covers plagiarism, unauthorized assistance, and the use of AI tools. Support for academic writing and research is available through:

Campus Security and Emergency Services

Campus Security operates 24/7/365. In an emergency, call 911 first, then Campus Security. The SafeWalk program can escort you between campus buildings if you have personal safety concerns.

Anti-Violence Project (AVP)

The Anti-Violence Project is an independent, community-based peer support and advocacy centre operating under the UVSS. The AVP provides confidential support for people of all genders who have experienced gender-based or sexualized violence, as well as educational workshops and referrals. Services are available to anyone — not only UVic students.