Meeting times and place: Wednesdays 10:30am-12:00pm, Vaughan Hall 300
Organizers: Readings: Syllabus: Course Goals and Structure: Papers: Assessment:
Roberta Hamme, VH 214, 822-5946,
rhamme@ucsd.edu
Tim Lueker, VH 341, 534-8025,
tlueker@ucsd.edu
Date Topics and papers September 29 Importance of coastal margins to global cycles
Richard A. Jahnke, Clare E. Reimers, and Deborah B. Craven (1990) Intensification of recycling of organic matter at the sea floor near ocean margins, Nature, 348, pp50-54.October 6 Carbon export from continental shelves
John A. Barth, Timothy J. Cowles, P. Michael Kosro, R. Kipp Shearmean, Adriana Huyer, and Robert L. Smith (2002) Injection of carbon from the shelf to offshore beneath the euphotic zone in the California Current, Journal of Geophysical Research, 107(C6), 3057, doi:10.1929/2001JC000956.October 13 2002 Coastal Oregon dead zone
Brian A. Grantham, Francis Chan, Karina J. Nielsen, David S, Fox, John A. Barth, Adriana Huyer, Jane Lubchenco, and Burce A. Menge (2004) Upwelling-driven nearshore hypoxia signals ecosystem and oceangraphic changes in the northeast Pacific, Nature, 429, pp749-754. Supplementary information.
Patricia A. Wheeler, Adriana Huyer, and Jane Fleischbein (2003) Cold halocline, increased nutrients and higher chlorophyll off Oregon in 2002, Geophysical Research Letters, 30(15), 8020, doi:10.1029/2003GL017395.October 18 Related seminar
Gian-Kasper Plattner (UCLA) "The coastal carbon cycle
challenge"
Geosciences, Marine Chemistry, and Geochemistry seminar series, 4:00 in 100 Vaughan HallOctober 20 Are shelves sources or sinks for carbon?
Helmuth Thomas, Yann Bozec, Khalid Elkalay, and Hein J.W. de Baar (2004) Enhanced open ocean storage of CO2 from shelf sea pumping, Science, 304, pp1005-1008.
Wei-Jun Cai, Zhaohui Aleck Wang, and Yongchen Wang (2003) The role of marsh-dominated heterotrophic continental margins in transport of CO2 between the atmsophere, the land-sea interface and the ocean, Geophysical Research Letters, 30(15), 1849, doi:10.1029/2003GL017633.
Comment and response on above papers:
Wei-Jun Cai and Minhan Dai (2004) Comment on "Enhanced open ocean storage of CO2 from shelf sea pumping", Science, 306(5701), pp1477c.
Helmuth Thomas, Yann Bozec, Khalid Elkalay, and Hein J.W. de Baar (2004) Response to Comment on "Enhanced open ocean storage of CO2 from shelf sea pumping", Science, 306(5701), pp1477d.October 27 Effect of ENSO variability on the California margin
F.P. Chavez, J.T. Pennington, C.G. Castro, J.P. Ryan, R.P. Michisaki, B. Schlining, P. Walz, K.R. Buck, A. McFadyen, C.A. Collins (2002) Biological and chemical consequences of the 1997-1998 El Niño in central California waters, Progress in Oceanography, 54, pp205-232. November 3 The fate of terrestrial organic matter in the ocean
Stephen Opsahl and Ronald Benner (1997) Distribution and cycling of terrigenous dissolved organic matter in the ocean, Nature, 386, pp480-484.
Dennis A. Hansell, David Kadko, and Nicholas Bates (2004) Degradation of terrigenous dissolved organic carbon in the Western Arctic Ocean, Science, 304, pp.858-861.November 10 Effects of riverine nutrients on coastal margins
T.D. Jickells (1998) Nutrient biogeochemistry of the coastal zone, Science, 281, pp217-222.
Jinchun Yuan, Richard L. Miller, Rodney T. Powell, and Michael J. Dagg (2004) Storm-induced injection of the Mississippi River plume into the open Gulf of Mexico, Geophysical Research Letters, 31, L09312, doi:10.1029/2003GL019335.November 12 Related seminar CANCELLED
Rebecca Shipe (UCLA) "Marine diatoms: from single cells to global elemental cycles"
Marine Biology Seminar Series, 12:15 in 4500 Hubbs HallNovember 17 Coastal denitrification
D.M. Sigman, R. Robinson, A.N. Knapp, A. van Geen, D.C. McCorkle, J.A. Brandes, and R.C. Thunell (2003) Distinguishing between water column and sedimentary denitrification in the Santa Barbara Basin using the stable isotopes of nitrate, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 4(5), 1040, doi:10.1029/2002GC000384.
Here's a nice figure from Jay A. Brandes and Allan H. Devol (1997) Isotopic fractionation of oxygen and nitrogen in coastal marine sediments, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 61(9), pp.1793-1801.November 24 Day before Thanksgiving
No class.December 1 The effects of warming and regime shifts on the California Current
Dean Roemmich and John McGowan (1995) Climatic warming and the decline of zooplankton in the California Current, Science, 267(5202), pp.1324-1326.
Dean Roemmich and John McGowan (1995) Sampling zooplankton: Correction, Science, 268(5209), pp.352-353.
William T. Peterson and Franklin B. Schwing (2003) A new climate regime in northeast pacific ecosystems, Geophysical Research Letters, 30(17), 1896, doi:10.1029/2003GL017528.
Coastal margins are some of the most productive areas of the world's oceans and significantly impact human economic activities and quality of life. Yet the coastal zone is so heterogeneous that fundamental questions about its structure and place in global cycles have been difficult to answer. In this discussion group, we will focus on studies of the west coast of North America and questions like: Are coastal margins important to the global cycling of carbon, nutrients and gases? Is the California Current System a source or sink for carbon? Are anthropogenic inputs from rivers having a significant impact on coastal processes? How is the coastal system changing, for example the recent appearances of a "dead zone" off the Oregon coast? How do upwelling, eddies and coastal jets affect the patterns of productivity?
The format of the class will be similar to that of the Nutrient Transport seminar given last spring. For each class meeting, we will discuss a journal article, or a few short ones, using an active learning format. Articles will be chosen to build on one another and to provide some perspective on historical aspects of the field, but will focus mainly on the most current literature. Both students and faculty of all curricular groups are encouraged to participate in the seminar. Last quarter generated lively discussion among faculty and students in biological, chemical and physical oceanography. An example of an active learning format is for the class to divide into small groups at the beginning of each meeting. Each small group would then discuss and try to come to some agreement on a different question about the paper, which we would prepare ahead of time. About halfway through the session, the small groups would reorganize into one large group and report to the new group on what they discussed, which usually generates further discussion. This seminar will not involve presentations of papers to the rest of the group by individual participants.
Suggestions from the group are encouraged, and the schedule will probably shift as these are incorporated into the seminar. Most of the journal articles we will read are available on-line from UCSD IP addresses. You can find links to the papers on the class website.
Each journal article we read will generate different questions. However, there are some general questions that you might consider for every article you read that can help you to prepare for a discussion. Here are some suggestions.
The course is available for one credit, and will be graded S/U (Satisfactory / Unsatisfactory) only. Students are encouraged to sign up for the course even if you will be away part of the quarter for field work, conferences etc...